Challenges facing UNCTAD in the International Trade Trends: Before and After the Cold War
نویسندگان: ثبت نشده
چکیده مقاله:
The article depicts the situation before Cold War in which developing countries (DCs) and least Developed countries (LDCs) found themselves big loser, as they were deprived from participation in trade negotiation process, leading into establishment of GATT . Therefore, they resorted to UNCTAD as the sole defender of their interests against Developed Countries in trade negotiations. UNCTAD has encountered with some serious challenges since its establishment in 1964.The climax of the challenges were in 1995when WTO was established and coincided with UN reform as well as industrial world opposition to UNCTAD position against them. Finally, the challenges made UNCTAD transform its ideology from confronting with globalization and trade liberalization to partnership for development through capacity building for DCs and LDCs to take more benefit from new international trade negotiations which globalization had imposed. The challenges also compelled UNCTAD to withdraw from its preliminary idealistic ideology of creation of new international economic order. The implication of the challenges also changed UNCTAD from an organization, issuing powerful resolutions against developed countries into a body implementing capacity-building activity especially for the non-member developing and least developed countries of WTO for accession to the organization. This article will answer the main question whether UNCTAD could keep up its preliminary ideology on international trade or faced with serious challenges made it change its ideology and intergovernmental machinery. In addition, it will shed light on the challenges imposed on its three pillars namely technical assistance, independent research and analysis as well as consensus building.
منابع مشابه
challenges facing unctad in the international trade trends: before and after the cold war
the article depicts the situation before cold war in which developing countries (dcs) and least developed countries (ldcs) found themselves big loser, as they were deprived from participation in trade negotiation process, leading into establishment of gatt . therefore, they resorted to unctad as the sole defender of their interests against developed countries in trade negotiations. unctad has ...
متن کاملon translation of politeness strategies in dialogues involving female characters in translations and retranslations of novels translated before and after the islamic revolution of iran and their effects on the image of women: a polysystem theory approach
abstract reception environment has considerable effects on accepting a translation. as the expectations of a target culture and its values and needs change throughout history, its criteria for accepting a translation or rejecting it will change accordingly (gentzler, 2001). the expectations of iran, as the reception environment in the present study, have changed after the islamic revolution. i...
Facing the environmental risk issues of the cold war legacy.
During World War II and the Cold War, the United States developed a complex of industrial facilities for the research, production, and testing of nuclear weapons. In addition, the United States government supported the development of nuclear energy for commercial applications and conducted research in high-energy physics and other basic sciences, as well as medical diagnostics and treatment. Th...
متن کاملa critical discourse analysis of the new york times and the tehran times news articles, covering the u.s.-led war in afghanistan
تحقیق حاضر متون خبری روزنامه های نیویورک تایمز و تهران تایمز را به صورت تحلیل انتقادی کلامی مورد بررسی قرارمی دهدکه درمورد جنگ به رهبری آ مریکا در افغانستان است. هدف از این تحقیق نشان دادن تاثیر ایدیولوژی و نگرشهای نویسندگان متون خبری است که ممکن است پنهان باشد. برای انجام این تحقیق 20 متن خبری) از هر روزنامه 10 متن خبری) به صورت تصادفی از سایت اینترنتی روزنامه های نیویورک تایمز و تهران تایمز ا...
15 صفحه اولمنابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ذخیره در منابع من قبلا به منابع من ذحیره شده{@ msg_add @}
عنوان ژورنال
دوره 3 شماره 6
صفحات 69- 86
تاریخ انتشار 2013-07-30
با دنبال کردن یک ژورنال هنگامی که شماره جدید این ژورنال منتشر می شود به شما از طریق ایمیل اطلاع داده می شود.
میزبانی شده توسط پلتفرم ابری doprax.com
copyright © 2015-2023